A comprehensive review on the environmental impact of the climate change on water flow rate and water quality in Tigris River

Water pollution and climate change are two of the most pressing challenges facing all countries seeking appropriate water for municipal, industrial, and agricultural use. In addition to industrial and medical waste, it is apparent that the Tigris River is polluted. Because the region lacks precipitation owing to climate change, the concentration of pollutants near the source of pollution is high, as is the water deficit throughout the year. The Tigris River is one of the waterways that has been adversely affected by conservative contaminants. The distribution of physical, chemical, and biological contaminants such as BOD5, TDS, pH, TH, SO4, Na+, and turbidity in the river have been reviewed in this work. Many factors affecting the water quality, including the climate change and the industrial wastewater in the riversides, which exceeded the acceptable limits according to the standard specifications for surface water, have also been reviewed