A new species, Roscoea stenophylla (Zingiberaceae), endemic to Hengduan Mountains, Yunnan Province, China

Roscoea stenophylla Y. L. Fan, a new species of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) from Yunnan, China, is described. It morphologically resembles R. schneideriana (Loesener) Cowley in leaf shape, individual size, inflorescence shape and floral color, but is significantly distinguished by longer and narrower leaves, longer corolla tubes, reflexed labellum, inflated and not hooked stigma, and anther bent into a semicircle (U type) without inflation at the end of the connective spurs.