Ground Moving Target Indication and Relocation in Spaceborne MIMO-SAR Systems

Multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) technique has recently received great attention due to its promising prospect for ground moving target indication (GMTI) applications in a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system. In this article, an SAR-GMTI processing technique in an MIMO-SAR system with dual-channel configuration is proposed. In the proposed method, up and down chirps are adopted as the transmitted waveforms. Then, the baseline estimation and clutter rejection are simultaneously accomplished in the raw Doppler data domain, after which two separated range-compressed echo signals corresponding to two transmitters can be obtained without the influence of cross-correlated interferences of the clutters. Subsequently, a ground moving target can be detected, clustered, finely refocused based on the Doppler chirp parameter estimation, and accurately relocated by using the along-track interferometry (ATI) processing technique. Simulated experiments are implemented to validate and evaluate the feasibility of the proposed method.