Antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of cotton-polyester fabric coated with a metal–organic framework and metal oxide nanoparticle

The embedding of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in fabrics have increased due to their different unique properties. This study aimed to investigate and compare the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of textiles coated with MIL-125(Ti)-NH 2 MOF and TiO 2 NPs, as two effective additives in different potential applications like ultraviolet (UV)-protective and water-repellent properties, noise reduction, air filtration, and humidity sensor. The present study was conducted with in-situ synthesis of MIL-125(Ti)-NH 2 MOF and TiO 2 nanoparticles on the fabrics; the investigation of antibacterial properties took place according to the ISO20743:2021 and investigation of cytotoxicity of the MOF and nanoparticles powders as well as the fabrics coated with them were based on ISO-10993:2009. The results showed that MOF and NPs powders and the fabrics coated with them demonstrated high antibacterial activity and, after 24 h, a significant difference was observed between them and the control group. Moreover, no acute (24 h of exposure) or chronic (72 h of exposure) toxicities were observed in the fabrics coated with MOF and nanoparticles. However, for their practical applications, comprehensive studies on potential of particles released from the fabrics, cost–benefit analysis of the cloth like workwear made of these fabrics, and the essential textile testing should be performed.