E-FEERP: Enhanced Fuzzy Based Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of several Sensor Nodes (SN) for monitoring various applications and sensing the environmental data. The WSN gathers and compiles the detected data before sending it to the Base Station (BS). The nodes have limited battery power, so efficient data transmission techniques and data collection methods are required to enhance the sensor network lifetime. In this paper, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method is utilized to form the cluster, and a Fuzzy based Energy Efficient Routing Protocol (E-FEERP) is proposed using average distance of SN from BS, node density, energy and communication quality to transmit data from cluster head to the BS in an optimal manner. The proposed protocol used parallel fitness function computing to quickly converge to the best possible solution with fewer iterations. The protocol used PSO-based clustering algorithm that recognize how birds act when they are in a flock. It is an optimization strategy that uses parallel fitness function computing to get to an optimal solution quickly and with a small number of iterations. Fuzzy is combined with PSO to increase coverage with reduced computational overhead. The proposed E-FEERP improves network performance in terms of packet delivery ratio, Residual Energy (RE), throughput, energy consumption, load balancing ratio, and network lifetime.