The effect of residual stresses on the relation between pulse wave velocity and blood pressure in arteries

Real-time monitoring of human blood pressure by pulse wave velocity is an advanced noninvasive measurement technology. The previous theory of the relationship between pulse wave velocity and blood pressure did not take the effect of the residual stresses into account, which may make the relationship inaccurate, especially for the residual stresses along the axial direction of arteries. This paper establishes a new analytical model for the relationship between pulse wave velocity and blood pressure, which accounts for the residual stresses, together with geometric and material parameters of arteries. Furthermore, at the range of human blood pressure, the relationship between pulse wave velocity and blood pressure that take residual stresses into account is proven to be an approximate quadratic function. And the effect of the residual stresses and geometric and material parameters of arteries on the relationship in the form of quadratic functions are discussed in detail.