Three-dimensional Near-field Localization with Cross Array Considering Amplitude Attenuation

A spatial–temporal-based three-dimensional (3D) near-field (NF) source localization algorithm considering amplitude attenuation is proposed. A pair of virtual received data with rotation invariant relationship is constructed with fourth-order cumulant matrices, which is realized by selecting appropriate array element positions on the cross array. Subsequently, based on the rotation invariant relationship, the direction-of-arrival (DOA)–matrix method is used to extract the NF source’s two angle parameters from the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the DOA and matrix. Finally, estimate of the range is achieved by a one-dimensional (1D) spectral peak search. Due to the corresponding relationship between eigenvalues and eigenvectors, the proposed algorithm avoids the additional pairing process. At the same time, thanks to the full usage of spatial and temporal information, the estimation performance of the proposed algorithm is improved. Simulation results shows that, compared with traditional algorithms that do not consider amplitude attenuation, the proposed one can provide effective estimation results with lower computational complexity.