Creation of a Training Site for an Integrated Geological and Geophysical Study of Fracturing in Southwestern Crimea (Cape Fiolent, Heracles Plateau)

A set of geological and geophysical works has been carried out to study fracturing in the Jurassic–Neogene rocks of the Heracles Plateau, which included a field study of the Georgievsky fault zone and a structural and geomorphological analysis; the geophysical complex included marine seismic and magnetometric studies combined with ground-based studies using electrical resistivity tomography, gravimetry, and magnetometry. The main objects of study were the zone of the deep Georgievsky fault and feathering tectonic disturbances. Our integrated research revealed the main geological and geophysical criteria for identifying dangerous fracturing sites: an extremely heterogeneous structure of the upper part of the geoelectric section to depths of 30–40 m according to electrical survey data; seismic data indicate that Miocene limestones have extremely low strength properties in areas with increased fracturing; according to electrical survey data, the water content (humidity) of the upper part of the section changes sharply horizontally; in the karst areas, the resistivity varies sharply from the maximum values to minimum ones at certain depths. Tensile fractures that occur in areas of the positive relief of base rocks, along which landslide bodies represented by limestones flow, are particularly dangerous.