Advancing the Science on Adenocarcinoma of the Cervix

Adenocarcinoma of the cervix (AC) is rising in women in the third decade of life. Compared with squamous cell cancer, widespread cervical cancer screening programs have failed to eradicate or decrease AC. AC, like squamous cell cancer, can be found in association alone or with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. High-risk human papillomavirus DNA infection can be a risk factor for adenocarcinoma in situ and AC. Early stage AC is best treated surgically with cold knife conization or simple hysterectomy. Later-stage disease requires adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy and/or radiation. The prognosis varies based on stage and margin status. Improved education and awareness is needed to understand of the unique symptoms and diagnostic challenges of AC. •Adenocarcinoma of the cervix comprises 20% to 25% of all cervix cancers.•Adenocarcinoma of the cervix is increasing in women, particularly in women under 35 years old.•Adenocarcinoma of the cervix was first discussed by Dr Mikuta in 1969 and was presented as a rare, aggressive form of cervical cancer.•Adenocarcinoma in situ is the precursor of adenocarcinoma.