Calla Lily flower inspired morphing of flat films to conical tubes

Recently researchers have developed soft actuators capable of morphing into complex shapes taking inspiration from nature. In this paper, we have developed a splay‐nematic liquid crystal polymer network tapered actuator that can morph from a flat film to a cone, mimicking the blooming of single petal Calla Lily flower. We have demonstrated the formation of conical tubes through finite element simulations and experiments. The influence of tapering and alignment orientations with respect to the edge of the film on the cones is analyzed through simulations. The design with tapering and splayed alignments oriented at 45° to the edge is found to be the optimal choice for forming conical tubes.