Global research trends on COVID-19 biosensor using scopus database

In December 2019, an outbreak of a disease known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) was discovered in Wuhan, China that has caused the deaths of many people around the world. Early diagnosis is needed to control the geological spread of the COVID-19 outbreak. The standard protocol of real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed for COVID-19 detection. However, they are limited by tedious sample collection and preparation procedures, longer waiting times for test results and the lack of competent personnel to operate sophisticated lab-based instruments. In this context, the point-of-care (POC) diagnostic platform has proven to be a prospective approach in addressing the above challenges. Therefore, there is a growing urgency to develop diagnostic tools for rapid detection of coronavirus to prevent subsequent spread. This device is necessary and should be sensitive, selective, and demonstrates rapid diagnostic capabilities. Electrochemical DNA biosensors have exhibited these properties and, thus, serve as a promising candidate for virus detection. This review focuses on COVID-19 viral infection and physiopathology in depth. The electrochemical mechanism of the biosensor is then discussed, as well as its capacity to detect COVID-19 in this investigation. Finally, a focus on combining nanotechnology with smartphones to produce smart nano-biosensors was highlighted, which can promote COVID-19 diagnosis that is accessible to both people and the public in patients.