A study in buildability aspect caused by different shape and geometry of a nozzles in printing of abrasive materials

The 3D printing technologies will be an eco-friendly variant and will be much easier, giving wider build customizability when compared to the traditional methods, this paper focused on the buildability aspect that affected by the nozzles. The main objectives are to find the best nozzle size and geometry to print clay and a good buildability. Six types of nozzles will be used, three of them are in circular shape while the others are in rectangular shape and having different diameter. The study will be using a clay admixture that are kept constant for all the testing and experiment, which are 600 gram of clay and 60 millilitre of water. From the observed data, rectangular shape nozzle gave the outcome and results. 3 mm nozzle with rectangular shape can 3D print clay up to 8 layers without collapse or bend on the contour. Rectangular nozzle with 3 mm diameter gives the best result as it can 3Dprint up to 8 layers without any deformation and difficulties. However, buildability can be affected on others aspects, such as printing speed, parameter setting, extrusion speed and the mixing design. For future work, aspect like mention earlier can be explore to achieve a good buildability.