Predictors of Caesarean Section and Normal Vaginal Delivery among the Women of Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract The aim of this study was to explore the burgeoning maternal risk predictors for selecting the mode of delivery (MOD) among the women of Punjab, Pakistan. This research is capable to contribute to the research field and provide an important foundation for researchers learning about factors contributing to childbirth delivery decisions in Pakistan. Over the course of the study period, the conscription of a sample of 399 expectant women was done. Chi-square analysis was used for comparison of baseline characteristics, delivery outcomes and mode of delivery. To evaluate predictive factors, logistic regression analysis was used. The 95% confidence interval and odds ratios were also calculated. Overall, 61.4 percent of women had caesareans, while 38.6 percent delivered vaginally. In the domain of organisational and biological factors, the findings of the binary logistic regression show that the odds of caesarean section (CS) were significantly higher among women who preferred a private hospital for delivery, were advised by their doctor to have CS, were too lazy to walk during pregnancy, suffered from Meconium Aspiration Syndrome, foetal distress, maternal anaemia, and had an abnormal baby presentation. The indicators of organisational predictors (hospital level and physician's recommendation) were the most important drivers in predicting MOD among women.