An exploratory study of a hands‐on naloxone training for rural clinicians and staff

Introduction Since the COVID‐19 pandemic, an increase in fentanyl‐combined drugs has led to a surge in opioid overdose deaths in the United States. Higher opioid overdose mortality rates are problematic in rural communities, and there are few prevention, treatment, and recovery resources for individ...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of nursing scholarship 2023-05, Vol.55 (3), p.599-604
Hauptverfasser: Cody, Shameka L., Hines, Cheryl B., Glenn, Christina J., Sharp‐Marbury, Rochelle, Newman, Sharlene
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container_end_page 604
container_issue 3
container_start_page 599
container_title Journal of nursing scholarship
container_volume 55
creator Cody, Shameka L.
Hines, Cheryl B.
Glenn, Christina J.
Sharp‐Marbury, Rochelle
Newman, Sharlene
description Introduction Since the COVID‐19 pandemic, an increase in fentanyl‐combined drugs has led to a surge in opioid overdose deaths in the United States. Higher opioid overdose mortality rates are problematic in rural communities, and there are few prevention, treatment, and recovery resources for individuals experiencing opioid use disorder. Method This exploratory project aimed to investigate a hands‐on naloxone training for rural clinicians and staff. Rural clinicians and staff at two behavioral health centers were recruited to participate in a 30‐min lecture and 30‐min hands‐on intranasal naloxone training using a low‐fidelity mannequin. A pre‐post opioid knowledge questionnaire, rubric based on the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration toolkit, and investigator‐generated survey were used to evaluate opioid knowledge and response, demonstration of intranasal naloxone administration, and participants' perceptions of the training. Enrollment characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics and paired t‐tests were used to assess mean differences. Results Of the nine participants in the project, seven (87.5%) were female and six (75.0%) were Black. Four participants assumed a therapist role, attained a MS or MA degree, and had 5 or more years of experience working in healthcare. The total mean rubric score for all participants was 96.0 (SD = 8.8). No significant pre‐post mean differences among opioid knowledge, overdose risk, and overdose response categories were found, all p > 0.05. However, post‐intervention mean scores were slightly higher in all categories except overdose risk. Most participants (77.8%) responded that they felt comfortable handling an opioid situation and teaching the training to community members. Open‐ended responses indicated that participants liked the demonstrations, examples used, hands‐on nature of the training, and the presentation materials. Conclusion A hands‐on naloxone training is beneficial for training rural clinicians and staff to respond to opioid overdose. This training may be a promising solution to reduce response time between recognition of opioid symptoms and administration of the life‐saving medication, naloxone. Future studies should examine the efficacy of this training in larger samples with the inclusion of rural interdisciplinary teams, trusted community leaders, and family and friends of those impacted by opioid use disorder. Clinical relevance This innovative hands‐on naloxone trai
doi_str_mv 10.1111/jnu.12841
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Higher opioid overdose mortality rates are problematic in rural communities, and there are few prevention, treatment, and recovery resources for individuals experiencing opioid use disorder. Method This exploratory project aimed to investigate a hands‐on naloxone training for rural clinicians and staff. Rural clinicians and staff at two behavioral health centers were recruited to participate in a 30‐min lecture and 30‐min hands‐on intranasal naloxone training using a low‐fidelity mannequin. A pre‐post opioid knowledge questionnaire, rubric based on the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration toolkit, and investigator‐generated survey were used to evaluate opioid knowledge and response, demonstration of intranasal naloxone administration, and participants' perceptions of the training. Enrollment characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics and paired t‐tests were used to assess mean differences. Results Of the nine participants in the project, seven (87.5%) were female and six (75.0%) were Black. Four participants assumed a therapist role, attained a MS or MA degree, and had 5 or more years of experience working in healthcare. The total mean rubric score for all participants was 96.0 (SD = 8.8). No significant pre‐post mean differences among opioid knowledge, overdose risk, and overdose response categories were found, all p &gt; 0.05. However, post‐intervention mean scores were slightly higher in all categories except overdose risk. Most participants (77.8%) responded that they felt comfortable handling an opioid situation and teaching the training to community members. Open‐ended responses indicated that participants liked the demonstrations, examples used, hands‐on nature of the training, and the presentation materials. Conclusion A hands‐on naloxone training is beneficial for training rural clinicians and staff to respond to opioid overdose. This training may be a promising solution to reduce response time between recognition of opioid symptoms and administration of the life‐saving medication, naloxone. Future studies should examine the efficacy of this training in larger samples with the inclusion of rural interdisciplinary teams, trusted community leaders, and family and friends of those impacted by opioid use disorder. Clinical relevance This innovative hands‐on naloxone training is designed for rural clinicians and residents who are most likely to witness individuals experiencing opioid toxicity. The primary goal is to reduce response time between recognition of signs and symptoms and administration of the life‐saving medication, Naloxone.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1527-6546</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1547-5069</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12841</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36411494</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Acknowledgment ; Analgesics, Opioid - therapeutic use ; Classification ; clinicians ; Community ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; Drug abuse ; Drug overdose ; Drug Overdose - diagnosis ; Drug Overdose - drug therapy ; Drug Overdose - prevention &amp; control ; Drugs ; Efficacy ; Fatalities ; Female ; Fentanyl ; Fidelity ; Friendship ; Hands ; harms reduction ; Health behavior ; Health care industry ; Health facilities ; Health promotion ; Health services ; Humans ; Interdisciplinary aspects ; Knowledge ; Leadership ; Lifesaving ; Male ; Management ; Mental disorders ; Mental health care ; Mental health services ; Mortality ; Mortality rates ; Multidisciplinary teams ; Naloxone ; Naloxone - therapeutic use ; naloxone training ; Narcotic Antagonists - therapeutic use ; Narcotics ; Nasal sprays ; Opiate Overdose ; opioid use disorder ; Opioid-Related Disorders ; Opioids ; Pandemics ; Questionnaires ; Reaction time ; rural ; Rural areas ; Rural communities ; Rural Population ; Social response ; Substance abuse ; Substance abuse treatment ; Substance use disorder ; Symptoms ; Teaching ; Teams ; Training ; United States</subject><ispartof>Journal of nursing scholarship, 2023-05, Vol.55 (3), p.599-604</ispartof><rights>2022 Sigma Theta Tau International.</rights><rights>Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 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Higher opioid overdose mortality rates are problematic in rural communities, and there are few prevention, treatment, and recovery resources for individuals experiencing opioid use disorder. Method This exploratory project aimed to investigate a hands‐on naloxone training for rural clinicians and staff. Rural clinicians and staff at two behavioral health centers were recruited to participate in a 30‐min lecture and 30‐min hands‐on intranasal naloxone training using a low‐fidelity mannequin. A pre‐post opioid knowledge questionnaire, rubric based on the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration toolkit, and investigator‐generated survey were used to evaluate opioid knowledge and response, demonstration of intranasal naloxone administration, and participants' perceptions of the training. Enrollment characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics and paired t‐tests were used to assess mean differences. Results Of the nine participants in the project, seven (87.5%) were female and six (75.0%) were Black. Four participants assumed a therapist role, attained a MS or MA degree, and had 5 or more years of experience working in healthcare. The total mean rubric score for all participants was 96.0 (SD = 8.8). No significant pre‐post mean differences among opioid knowledge, overdose risk, and overdose response categories were found, all p &gt; 0.05. However, post‐intervention mean scores were slightly higher in all categories except overdose risk. Most participants (77.8%) responded that they felt comfortable handling an opioid situation and teaching the training to community members. Open‐ended responses indicated that participants liked the demonstrations, examples used, hands‐on nature of the training, and the presentation materials. Conclusion A hands‐on naloxone training is beneficial for training rural clinicians and staff to respond to opioid overdose. This training may be a promising solution to reduce response time between recognition of opioid symptoms and administration of the life‐saving medication, naloxone. Future studies should examine the efficacy of this training in larger samples with the inclusion of rural interdisciplinary teams, trusted community leaders, and family and friends of those impacted by opioid use disorder. Clinical relevance This innovative hands‐on naloxone training is designed for rural clinicians and residents who are most likely to witness individuals experiencing opioid toxicity. 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Hines, Cheryl B. ; Glenn, Christina J. ; Sharp‐Marbury, Rochelle ; Newman, Sharlene</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3881-a41ca4caeea3051dc7518be958961408af6dceef0388aeabdabea1a9e39527d23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Acknowledgment</topic><topic>Analgesics, Opioid - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Classification</topic><topic>clinicians</topic><topic>Community</topic><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>Drug abuse</topic><topic>Drug overdose</topic><topic>Drug Overdose - diagnosis</topic><topic>Drug Overdose - drug therapy</topic><topic>Drug Overdose - prevention &amp; control</topic><topic>Drugs</topic><topic>Efficacy</topic><topic>Fatalities</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fentanyl</topic><topic>Fidelity</topic><topic>Friendship</topic><topic>Hands</topic><topic>harms reduction</topic><topic>Health behavior</topic><topic>Health care industry</topic><topic>Health facilities</topic><topic>Health promotion</topic><topic>Health services</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Interdisciplinary aspects</topic><topic>Knowledge</topic><topic>Leadership</topic><topic>Lifesaving</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Management</topic><topic>Mental disorders</topic><topic>Mental health care</topic><topic>Mental health services</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Mortality rates</topic><topic>Multidisciplinary teams</topic><topic>Naloxone</topic><topic>Naloxone - therapeutic use</topic><topic>naloxone training</topic><topic>Narcotic Antagonists - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Narcotics</topic><topic>Nasal sprays</topic><topic>Opiate Overdose</topic><topic>opioid use disorder</topic><topic>Opioid-Related Disorders</topic><topic>Opioids</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Reaction time</topic><topic>rural</topic><topic>Rural areas</topic><topic>Rural communities</topic><topic>Rural Population</topic><topic>Social response</topic><topic>Substance abuse</topic><topic>Substance abuse treatment</topic><topic>Substance use disorder</topic><topic>Symptoms</topic><topic>Teaching</topic><topic>Teams</topic><topic>Training</topic><topic>United States</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cody, Shameka L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hines, Cheryl B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Glenn, Christina J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sharp‐Marbury, Rochelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newman, Sharlene</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>University Readers</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index &amp; 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Higher opioid overdose mortality rates are problematic in rural communities, and there are few prevention, treatment, and recovery resources for individuals experiencing opioid use disorder. Method This exploratory project aimed to investigate a hands‐on naloxone training for rural clinicians and staff. Rural clinicians and staff at two behavioral health centers were recruited to participate in a 30‐min lecture and 30‐min hands‐on intranasal naloxone training using a low‐fidelity mannequin. A pre‐post opioid knowledge questionnaire, rubric based on the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration toolkit, and investigator‐generated survey were used to evaluate opioid knowledge and response, demonstration of intranasal naloxone administration, and participants' perceptions of the training. Enrollment characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics and paired t‐tests were used to assess mean differences. Results Of the nine participants in the project, seven (87.5%) were female and six (75.0%) were Black. Four participants assumed a therapist role, attained a MS or MA degree, and had 5 or more years of experience working in healthcare. The total mean rubric score for all participants was 96.0 (SD = 8.8). No significant pre‐post mean differences among opioid knowledge, overdose risk, and overdose response categories were found, all p &gt; 0.05. However, post‐intervention mean scores were slightly higher in all categories except overdose risk. Most participants (77.8%) responded that they felt comfortable handling an opioid situation and teaching the training to community members. Open‐ended responses indicated that participants liked the demonstrations, examples used, hands‐on nature of the training, and the presentation materials. Conclusion A hands‐on naloxone training is beneficial for training rural clinicians and staff to respond to opioid overdose. This training may be a promising solution to reduce response time between recognition of opioid symptoms and administration of the life‐saving medication, naloxone. Future studies should examine the efficacy of this training in larger samples with the inclusion of rural interdisciplinary teams, trusted community leaders, and family and friends of those impacted by opioid use disorder. Clinical relevance This innovative hands‐on naloxone training is designed for rural clinicians and residents who are most likely to witness individuals experiencing opioid toxicity. The primary goal is to reduce response time between recognition of signs and symptoms and administration of the life‐saving medication, Naloxone.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>36411494</pmid><doi>10.1111/jnu.12841</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Acknowledgment
Analgesics, Opioid - therapeutic use
Classification
clinicians
Community
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Drug abuse
Drug overdose
Drug Overdose - diagnosis
Drug Overdose - drug therapy
Drug Overdose - prevention & control
Drugs
Efficacy
Fatalities
Female
Fentanyl
Fidelity
Friendship
Hands
harms reduction
Health behavior
Health care industry
Health facilities
Health promotion
Health services
Humans
Interdisciplinary aspects
Knowledge
Leadership
Lifesaving
Male
Management
Mental disorders
Mental health care
Mental health services
Mortality
Mortality rates
Multidisciplinary teams
Naloxone
Naloxone - therapeutic use
naloxone training
Narcotic Antagonists - therapeutic use
Narcotics
Nasal sprays
Opiate Overdose
opioid use disorder
Opioid-Related Disorders
Opioids
Pandemics
Questionnaires
Reaction time
rural
Rural areas
Rural communities
Rural Population
Social response
Substance abuse
Substance abuse treatment
Substance use disorder
Symptoms
Teaching
Teams
Training
United States
title An exploratory study of a hands‐on naloxone training for rural clinicians and staff
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