Calibration the travel resolution stepper motor machines of CNC-based batik robot running GRBL firmware

The level of accuracy for the movement of the motor used determines the movement of a robot. If the motor and GRBL do not match, the robot’s movement will endanger both the product and the machine operator. The goal of this research is to find the quickest way to calibrate the travel resolution stepper motor machine of a CNC (computer numerically control)-based Batik robot running GRBL firmware. The method used in this study is Parallel Throwaway Prototyping, which consists of several direct experiments with the machine-made. This research concludes that the basic movement of the robot has three types of travel resolution: radial, axial, and rotary; In radial and axial types, the number of travel resolutions is calculated by dividing the number of steps by the value of the shift distance of one revolution; and in rotary types, it is calculated by dividing the number of steps of one rotation by the degree of the rotation angle. The findings of this study suggest that we should pay attention to the error of the stepper motor or the belt and lead screw because it can affect the precision of the stepper motor movement.