Energy-Efficient Reliable Sector-based Clustering Scheme to Improve the Lifetime of WSN

Various hierarchical techniques such as block-based, tree-based, chain-based, and grid-based techniques have been used in wireless sensor networks for the grouping of nodes and concerted operations. According to a survey, existing chain-based clustering mechanisms, such as power-efficient gathering in sensor information systems (PEGASIS) and cluster-based low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), have been appreciated for their performance in the reliable transmission of packets. However, these schemes face limitations concerning the un-balanced grouping of networks and high transmission delays. To overcome these issues, and energy-efficient reliable sectoring scheme (EERSS) is proposed. A logical grouping of sensor nodes into a sector is achieved based on a path discovery initiated by a sink node. The sector head (SH) is elected according to the distance, residual energy, node coverage, and receiving signal strength identification (RSSI) value of each node and a hop away node. A cluster-tree structure is formed, and communication is performed between the sector head and sink. The simulation results show that the scheme ensures improved packet delivery, even in a highly dense network. The simulation result analysis concludes that the proposed EERSS outperforms existing schemes concerning network lifetime and energy consumption along-with reliable communication. A mathematical model and energy consumption model are also proposed and discussed.