Rapid detection and whole class control of quinolone antibiotics in pork based on surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy

The problem of excessive quinolone antibiotic residues in pork has stimulated great attention from the international community. However, due to the diversity and structural similarity of quinolone antibiotics, it is difficult to perform multi‐residue rapid detection at the same time. Currently, antibiotic multi‐residue detection methods include ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and colloidal gold immunochromatography. However, it cannot be widely used in on‐site rapid detection due to its shortcomings such as the need for high cost and low sensitivity. Herein, we report the use of surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technology for the study of similar structures of quinolone antibiotics. A method for whole class control and rapid quantitative detection of all quinolone antibiotics in pork was established. By using the above method, the detection limit of single standard quinolone antibiotics was 10 μg L−1, and the detection limit of the mixed standard was 1 μg L−1, meeting the international requirements for the detection limit of quinolone antibiotics in pork. At last, by adding a variety of quinolone antibiotics to pork, the real detection set‐up was simulated. The recovery of standard addition was 86.6%–95.3%, and the whole class control method has been well applied, which is of great significance for the detection of pork quinolone antibiotics. Compared with colloidal gold immunochromatography, our method has 2.5 times the detection speed, 1/60 times the cost, and can be quantitatively detected. The method is simple, economical, and efficient and has great application value with broad application prospects in the field of rapid detection of pork antibiotics in the future. An ultrasensitive silver nanosphere as SERS substrate is constructed to detect quinolone antibiotics in pork within 5 min utilizing a portable Raman spectrometer.