Green synthesis of titanium-dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles by fenugreek extract

Fenugreek (biological name: Trigonella foenum – graecum L.) is an essential source of proteins and minerals. It delivers nutritional advantages at a very low cost. The research paper comprises the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles through the green synthesis method. The fenugreek powder along with titanium isopropoxide as a precursor, a sol-gel method was used to prepare titanium dioxide powders where hexane is used as a solvent and ethanol for washing titanium dioxide powder. The calcination happening at a specific temperature influences the properties of the obtained TiO2 powder. The physicochemical properties of TiO2 powder were determined including morphology and microstructure (SEM images), crystalline structure (XRD), and thermal stability (TGA /DTA). Also, the functional group study was done through (Fourier Transform Infrared) FTIR. The morphology study of synthesized Titanium nanoparticles through FESEM analysis confirms the particle size 75 nm. The FTIR analysis shows different functional groups present in it. Thermal analysis was done through TGA and DTA graphs. The exothermic peak at 2600 C is related to the decay of an organic compound and residual hydroxyl groups. The XRD analysis confirms the anatase structure of titanium dioxide particles.