Investigation and Comparison of Nutritional Supplements (Elements and Compounds) in Various Tea Leaves using Spectroscopic Techniques
Qualitative and quantitative analyses of nutritional supplements and adulteration/toxic elements present in various tea leaves have been performed and compared. Rapid identification of inorganic (i.e., Ca, K, Na, Mg, Ba, Al, Sr, Mn) and organic (C, N, O, H) elements have been done using laser-induce...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Section A, physical sciences India, Section A, physical sciences, 2023-06, Vol.93 (2), p.413-422 |
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description | Qualitative and quantitative analyses of nutritional supplements and adulteration/toxic elements present in various tea leaves have been performed and compared. Rapid identification of inorganic (i.e., Ca, K, Na, Mg, Ba, Al, Sr, Mn) and organic (C, N, O, H) elements have been done using laser-induced breakdown (LIB) spectra of tea leaves. The electronic bands of the metal oxides (CaO, BaO, SrO, and AlO) are also identified. Molecular bands of CN and C
2
molecules in the LIB spectra show the presence of organic compounds in the tea samples. The concentration of the constituents of the tea samples has been determined using the calibration free (CF-LIBS) technique and results are further compared with results obtained by energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) technique. The toxicity of the various tea leaves has been discussed based on the contents of Ba, Al, and Sr in each sample. The quantitative analysis of Na, K, and Mg may be helpful to control hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Principal component analysis (PCA) classifies the different samples based on their elemental constituents. In all tea leaves samples, the presence of amino acids, enzymes, pigments, carbohydrates, caffeine and nicotine has been established via photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS). Further, the confirmation of the molecular bands of the tea leaves is done with (Fourier Transform Infrared) FTIR spectroscopic technique. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s40010-023-00815-1 |
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2
molecules in the LIB spectra show the presence of organic compounds in the tea samples. The concentration of the constituents of the tea samples has been determined using the calibration free (CF-LIBS) technique and results are further compared with results obtained by energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) technique. The toxicity of the various tea leaves has been discussed based on the contents of Ba, Al, and Sr in each sample. The quantitative analysis of Na, K, and Mg may be helpful to control hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Principal component analysis (PCA) classifies the different samples based on their elemental constituents. In all tea leaves samples, the presence of amino acids, enzymes, pigments, carbohydrates, caffeine and nicotine has been established via photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS). Further, the confirmation of the molecular bands of the tea leaves is done with (Fourier Transform Infrared) FTIR spectroscopic technique.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0369-8203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2250-1762</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s40010-023-00815-1</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New Delhi: Springer India</publisher><subject>Aluminum ; Amino acids ; Applied and Technical Physics ; Atomic ; Barium oxides ; Caffeine ; Carbohydrates ; Constituents ; Dietary supplements ; Fourier transforms ; Hypertension ; Infrared spectroscopy ; Kidney diseases ; Laser induced breakdown ; Magnesium ; Manganese ; Metal oxides ; Molecular ; Optical and Plasma Physics ; Organic compounds ; Photoacoustic spectroscopy ; Physics ; Physics and Astronomy ; Pigments ; Principal components analysis ; Qualitative analysis ; Quantitative analysis ; Quantum Physics ; Research Article ; Spectra ; Spectrum analysis ; Strontium ; Toxicity</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Section A, physical sciences, 2023-06, Vol.93 (2), p.413-422</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The National Academy of Sciences, India 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-ae43e6aea92fd8ba3b32443df7f03ae71aa0c3ab340f85c41e8c622490dba1f93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-ae43e6aea92fd8ba3b32443df7f03ae71aa0c3ab340f85c41e8c622490dba1f93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40010-023-00815-1$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40010-023-00815-1$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>309,310,314,776,780,785,786,23909,23910,25118,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Tejmani</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rai, Abhishek Kumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dwivedi, Abhishek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Rohit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rai, Awadhesh Kumar</creatorcontrib><title>Investigation and Comparison of Nutritional Supplements (Elements and Compounds) in Various Tea Leaves using Spectroscopic Techniques</title><title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Section A, physical sciences</title><addtitle>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. A Phys. Sci</addtitle><description>Qualitative and quantitative analyses of nutritional supplements and adulteration/toxic elements present in various tea leaves have been performed and compared. Rapid identification of inorganic (i.e., Ca, K, Na, Mg, Ba, Al, Sr, Mn) and organic (C, N, O, H) elements have been done using laser-induced breakdown (LIB) spectra of tea leaves. The electronic bands of the metal oxides (CaO, BaO, SrO, and AlO) are also identified. Molecular bands of CN and C
2
molecules in the LIB spectra show the presence of organic compounds in the tea samples. The concentration of the constituents of the tea samples has been determined using the calibration free (CF-LIBS) technique and results are further compared with results obtained by energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) technique. The toxicity of the various tea leaves has been discussed based on the contents of Ba, Al, and Sr in each sample. The quantitative analysis of Na, K, and Mg may be helpful to control hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Principal component analysis (PCA) classifies the different samples based on their elemental constituents. In all tea leaves samples, the presence of amino acids, enzymes, pigments, carbohydrates, caffeine and nicotine has been established via photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS). Further, the confirmation of the molecular bands of the tea leaves is done with (Fourier Transform Infrared) FTIR spectroscopic technique.</description><subject>Aluminum</subject><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Applied and Technical Physics</subject><subject>Atomic</subject><subject>Barium oxides</subject><subject>Caffeine</subject><subject>Carbohydrates</subject><subject>Constituents</subject><subject>Dietary supplements</subject><subject>Fourier transforms</subject><subject>Hypertension</subject><subject>Infrared spectroscopy</subject><subject>Kidney diseases</subject><subject>Laser induced breakdown</subject><subject>Magnesium</subject><subject>Manganese</subject><subject>Metal oxides</subject><subject>Molecular</subject><subject>Optical and Plasma Physics</subject><subject>Organic compounds</subject><subject>Photoacoustic spectroscopy</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics and Astronomy</subject><subject>Pigments</subject><subject>Principal components analysis</subject><subject>Qualitative analysis</subject><subject>Quantitative analysis</subject><subject>Quantum Physics</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><subject>Spectra</subject><subject>Spectrum analysis</subject><subject>Strontium</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><issn>0369-8203</issn><issn>2250-1762</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kM1KAzEQgIMoWGpfwFPAix5WJ8n-HqVULRQ9tHoNs9lsTWmTNdkVfADf29Qq3sxlEma-mcxHyDmDawZQ3IQUgEECXCQAJcsSdkRGnGeQsCLnx2QEIq-SkoM4JZMQNhBPVlQ8T0fkc27fdejNGnvjLEXb0KnbdehNiE_X0seh92afwy1dDl231Ttt-0AvZ7-3X8YNtglX1Fj6EnE3BLrSSBca4wA6BGPXdNlp1XsXlOuMimn1as3boMMZOWlxG_TkJ47J891sNX1IFk_38-ntIlGCVX2COhU6R40Vb5uyRlELnqaiaYsWBOqCIYISWIsU2jJTKdOlyjlPK2hqZG0lxuTi0Lfzbj-3lxs3-LhakLyEIo9OoqUx4YcqFb8avG5l580O_YdkIPfG5cG4jMblt3HJIiQOUIjFdq39X-t_qC8yH4ZH</recordid><startdate>20230601</startdate><enddate>20230601</enddate><creator>Kumar, Tejmani</creator><creator>Rai, Abhishek Kumar</creator><creator>Dwivedi, Abhishek</creator><creator>Kumar, Rohit</creator><creator>Rai, Awadhesh Kumar</creator><general>Springer India</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20230601</creationdate><title>Investigation and Comparison of Nutritional Supplements (Elements and Compounds) in Various Tea Leaves using Spectroscopic Techniques</title><author>Kumar, Tejmani ; Rai, Abhishek Kumar ; Dwivedi, Abhishek ; Kumar, Rohit ; Rai, Awadhesh Kumar</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-ae43e6aea92fd8ba3b32443df7f03ae71aa0c3ab340f85c41e8c622490dba1f93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Aluminum</topic><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Applied and Technical Physics</topic><topic>Atomic</topic><topic>Barium oxides</topic><topic>Caffeine</topic><topic>Carbohydrates</topic><topic>Constituents</topic><topic>Dietary supplements</topic><topic>Fourier transforms</topic><topic>Hypertension</topic><topic>Infrared spectroscopy</topic><topic>Kidney diseases</topic><topic>Laser induced breakdown</topic><topic>Magnesium</topic><topic>Manganese</topic><topic>Metal oxides</topic><topic>Molecular</topic><topic>Optical and Plasma Physics</topic><topic>Organic compounds</topic><topic>Photoacoustic spectroscopy</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>Physics and Astronomy</topic><topic>Pigments</topic><topic>Principal components analysis</topic><topic>Qualitative analysis</topic><topic>Quantitative analysis</topic><topic>Quantum Physics</topic><topic>Research Article</topic><topic>Spectra</topic><topic>Spectrum analysis</topic><topic>Strontium</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Tejmani</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rai, Abhishek Kumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dwivedi, Abhishek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Rohit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rai, Awadhesh Kumar</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Section A, physical sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kumar, Tejmani</au><au>Rai, Abhishek Kumar</au><au>Dwivedi, Abhishek</au><au>Kumar, Rohit</au><au>Rai, Awadhesh Kumar</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Investigation and Comparison of Nutritional Supplements (Elements and Compounds) in Various Tea Leaves using Spectroscopic Techniques</atitle><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Section A, physical sciences</jtitle><stitle>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. A Phys. Sci</stitle><date>2023-06-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>93</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>413</spage><epage>422</epage><pages>413-422</pages><issn>0369-8203</issn><eissn>2250-1762</eissn><abstract>Qualitative and quantitative analyses of nutritional supplements and adulteration/toxic elements present in various tea leaves have been performed and compared. Rapid identification of inorganic (i.e., Ca, K, Na, Mg, Ba, Al, Sr, Mn) and organic (C, N, O, H) elements have been done using laser-induced breakdown (LIB) spectra of tea leaves. The electronic bands of the metal oxides (CaO, BaO, SrO, and AlO) are also identified. Molecular bands of CN and C
2
molecules in the LIB spectra show the presence of organic compounds in the tea samples. The concentration of the constituents of the tea samples has been determined using the calibration free (CF-LIBS) technique and results are further compared with results obtained by energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) technique. The toxicity of the various tea leaves has been discussed based on the contents of Ba, Al, and Sr in each sample. The quantitative analysis of Na, K, and Mg may be helpful to control hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Principal component analysis (PCA) classifies the different samples based on their elemental constituents. In all tea leaves samples, the presence of amino acids, enzymes, pigments, carbohydrates, caffeine and nicotine has been established via photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS). Further, the confirmation of the molecular bands of the tea leaves is done with (Fourier Transform Infrared) FTIR spectroscopic technique.</abstract><cop>New Delhi</cop><pub>Springer India</pub><doi>10.1007/s40010-023-00815-1</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Aluminum Amino acids Applied and Technical Physics Atomic Barium oxides Caffeine Carbohydrates Constituents Dietary supplements Fourier transforms Hypertension Infrared spectroscopy Kidney diseases Laser induced breakdown Magnesium Manganese Metal oxides Molecular Optical and Plasma Physics Organic compounds Photoacoustic spectroscopy Physics Physics and Astronomy Pigments Principal components analysis Qualitative analysis Quantitative analysis Quantum Physics Research Article Spectra Spectrum analysis Strontium Toxicity |
title | Investigation and Comparison of Nutritional Supplements (Elements and Compounds) in Various Tea Leaves using Spectroscopic Techniques |
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