Recent advances in membrane crystallization

Membrane crystallization (MCr) is a novel coupling technique, where the membrane can act as the interface of heterogeneous nucleation, aiming to reduce the nucleation barrier and contributing to crystal growth. This review systematically summarized the recent advances in the MCr technique. This paper first focuses on the process intensification of MCr, from model configuration to the regulation of process parameters and the development of membrane modules. Then, we review the applications of MCr in chemical engineering, including optimization of the product properties, the treatment of seawater, and the fixation of carbon dioxide. Although the MCr process displays huge potential in crystal engineering and chemical engineering fields, the problems of membrane fouling and wetting still restrict its industrial application. This review analyzes the mechanisms behind the membrane problems and proposes corresponding strategies to ensure stable and long-term operation. Finally, we propose some future perspectives for further development. The membrane crystallization process can be divided into membrane distillation, reaction, antisolvent, and cooling crystallization processes.