Study of some Physicochemical Characteristics of Polluting River Water in the Cities of Kufa and Hilla

Pollution from industrial, household, and agricultural activity places significant strain on the world’s water supplies. Waste water has a direct influence on the environment since it is released directly into nature after being treated according to particular regulations, and so contains a wide range of bacteria and organic and inorganic substances that cause a variety of diseases and dangers. In this context, water samples from the Euphrates River were obtained in the cities of Al-Hilla and Kufa. These samples were submitted to a series of physicochemical and microbiological analyses, and the findings were compared between the two sites. Physicochemical tests revealed severe contamination of river water collected and evaluated from the two cities, demonstrating the presence of pollutants: (DO) and biological oxygen demand (BOD5). And (TSS), nitrate (NO3), phosphate (PO4), and others. On the other hand, the bacterial isolation and identification approach enabled a direct evaluation of the bacterial diversity present in this waste water, and these analyses demonstrated the severity of the bacterial diversity in these waters.