Detection of biofilm formation and some virulence factors among Plesiomonas shigelloides isolated from diarrhea cases in Babylon city (Iraq)

Sample were collected from Patients with diarrhea who visited the public health laboratory center in AL-Hilla city as well as pediatric and maternity units between October 2017 and January 2018 in the current study, the detection of biofilm formation and some virulence factors of Plesiomonas shigelloides isolated from samples of diarrhea cases, 10(16.7%) samples were related to Plesiomonas shigelloides. The results revealed that all Plesiomonas shigelloides isolates were biofilm former (100%), the strong biofilm former were account 3/10(30%), while isolates that express moderate biofilm formation were 4/10(40%), and 3/10(30%)isolates that express weak biofilmsformation. The investigation of virulence factors associated with the pathogenicity of Plesiomonas shigelloides was carried out using phenotypic detection . All isolates lacked the ability to create protease through the hydrolysis of the protein in question. When tested on brain heart infusion agar using M9, our findings revealed that all Plesiomonas shigelloides isolates were unable to hydrolyzesthe protein by protease enzyme (100 percent). Additionally , discovered that all isolates were unable to produce extracellular protease after (24) hours of aerobic incubation. In order to test whether Plesiomonas shigelloides had the abilitysto create these enzymes, experiments were conducted in egg-yolk agar media and Tween (80) medium to see if the bacteria could make them. Afterwards, results revealed that 5/10 (50%), 2/10(20%) respectively were positive to Lecithinase and lipase production.In this study, the CFA I, III were investigated to Plesiomonas shigelloides isolates for their abilities to produce colonization factors antigen, it was found that 10/10(100%) isolates were able to produce CFA (I, III) with human blood cells.