Optimum under-frequency load shedding with comparison of two load models for distribution system

The distribution system connects customers to the rest of the electrical grid. The electrical distribution network suffers from rising power losses and low frequency, which are greater than transmission system and low voltage problems. One of the solutions for these problems furnished by under-frequency load shedding based on optimal selection of loads using a suitable optimization algorithm. Because of its simple design and inexpensive cost, the radial distribution system (RDS) was chosen. Two load models (constant power model and ZIP model) are implemented with comparisons between them. A Gravitational binary search optimization algorithm is used for the purpose of accurate results, and comparisons are made to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method. A BGSA optimization algorithm is useful in order to reduce the search space for the minimum power to be shed and its location. IEEE 33-bus is employed to check the validity of suggested attitudes. A Direct Backward Forward Sweep Method (DBFSM) is used to show the voltage and total losses of each node as it represents the useful load flow method suitable in RDS. The results demonstrate the ability of the provided methodologies to find the best solution for a large loss reduction and a better voltage profile using the BGSA optimization algorithm.