Risk assessment of Hass avocado and Mexican Lauraceae for attack by redbay ambrosia beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
The redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), vectors the mycopathogen that causes laurel wilt, a lethal vascular disease of trees in the Lauraceae. Since being detected in Georgia, USA in 2002, this invasive pest has become established in 11 addit...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Agricultural and forest entomology 2023-05, Vol.25 (2), p.285-302 |
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Zusammenfassung: | The redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), vectors the mycopathogen that causes laurel wilt, a lethal vascular disease of trees in the Lauraceae. Since being detected in Georgia, USA in 2002, this invasive pest has become established in 11 additional states.
With continued spread, X. glabratus will likely enter Mexico. In advance of this event, this study was initiated to assess the risk posed to eight native laurels and Hass avocados, the predominant cultivar grown in Mexico.
Wood bolts from each species were used in (a) field tests to determine the relative attraction of female X. glabratus, (b) laboratory bioassays to evaluate boring preferences, and (c) GC–MS analyses to identify host kairomones. For comparison, tests included control bolt treatments consisting of silkbay (an attractive U.S. laurel) and Simmonds avocado (a Florida cultivar susceptible to laurel wilt).
Hass avocado and two native laurels (Persea schiedeana and Ocotea heribertoi vel aff.) were highly attractive to females and elicited strong boring responses. These species were high in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, including α‐copaene and α‐cubebene.
Results of this study suggest that X. glabratus could become a serious agricultural and forest pest upon incursion into Mexico, with severe economic and ecological impacts.
Resumen
El escarabajo ambrosía del laurel rojo, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), es vector del micopatógeno que causa la marchitez del laurel, una enfermedad vascular letal de árboles de la familia Lauraceae. Desde que se detectó por primera vez en Georgia, E.U.A. en 2002, esta plaga invasora se ha establecido en once estados adicionales.
Con la propagación continua, es probable que X. glabratus ingrese a México. Anticipándonos a este evento, el presente estudio se realizó con el fin de evaluar el riesgo que representa para ocho especies de lauraceas nativas y el aguacate cv ‘Hass’, el más cultivado comercialmente en México.
Se utilizaron troncos de ramas de cada especie de árbol como sustrato en (a) pruebas de campo para determinar la atracción relativa de las hembras de X. glabratus, (b) bioensayos de laboratorio para evaluar las preferencias de perforación y (c) análisis GC–MS para identificar las kairomonas hospedantes. A modo de comparación, las pruebas también incluyeron tratamientos control que consistieron en troncos de laurel de seda (un laurel atractivo de E.U.A.) y aguacat |
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ISSN: | 1461-9555 1461-9563 |
DOI: | 10.1111/afe.12551 |