The therapeutic effect of Salvia spinosa on diabetic neuropathy induced by STZ via attenuation of the oxidative pathway

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) affects half of diabetic patients with complicated etiologies, in their lifetime. Despite glycemic control, these consequences occur. To date, medical interventions are inconsistent in DN treatment. The purpose of our study is to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Salvia spinosa in diabetes-induced mice. After the preparation of the methanolic extract of S. spinosa , the antioxidant properties were evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenger assay and phosphomolybdenum reduction assay (PRA). Our study includes six groups of mice ( n = 5): control, diabetic, and treatment groups (received 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg of methanolic extract of S. spinosa ). Body weight and blood glucose (FBS) were assessed before the induction of diabetes and subsequently after treatment. DN was evaluated by using hot plate and tail flick tests. Finally, all animals were euthanized and brain tissues were used for the assessment of oxidative stress parameters. Our results showed that FBS levels ameliorated in the S. spinosa -treated groups compared to diabetic mice. Early hyperalgesia and late hypoalgesia were shown in diabetic mice and the treatment with S. spinosa significantly improved them. the antioxidant effect of S. spinosa (DPPH IC 50 : 83 μg/mL, antioxidant capacity in phosphomolybdenum reduction assay (PRA): 270.79 mg αTE/g extract) amended the oxidative stress damages (lipid peroxidation and glutathione oxidation) induced in diabetic mice. This study emphasized the reliable neuroprotective properties of S. spinosa in DN due to its antioxidative properties.