High Energy Solar Particle Events and Their Relationship to Associated Flare, CME and GLE Parameters

Large solar eruptive events, including solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), can lead to solar energetic particle (SEP) events. During these events, protons are accelerated up to several GeV and pose numerous space weather risks. These risks include, but are not limited to, radiation hazards to astronauts and disruption to satellites and electronics. The highest energy SEPs are capable of reaching Earth on timescales of minutes and can be detected in ground level enhancements (GLEs). Understanding and analyzing these events is critical to future forecasting models. However, the availability of high energy SEP data sets is limited, especially that which covers multiple solar cycles. The majority of analysis of SEP events considers data at energies 300 MeV data and GLE properties from NM data. The results of our work can be utilized in future forecasting models for both high energy SEP and GLE events. Plain Language Summary Large eruptive events on the Sun can produce particles over a range of energies. The highest energy particles are the most hazardous and can quickly spread through space and reach Earth within minutes. The particles can interfere with satellite electronics and cause increased radiation doses to astronauts as well as pilots and flight passengers. Many studies exist of low energy particles, due to the increased number of spacecraft able to observe at these energies. However, the rarer high energy particles pose the most risks and are important to understand more. This study utilizes a new data set from a spacecraft that covers these most hazardous energies. This high energy particle data set is compared to features from the solar eruption, for example, the size of the associated solar flare. Strong relations are found between the high energy particles observed in space and their subsequent detec