Optimal GPS Acquisition Algorithm in Severe Ionospheric Scintillation Scene

The Global Positioning System (GPS) plays an important role in navigation and positioning services. When GPS signals propagate through a complex space environment, they are susceptible to interference of ionospheric scintillation. As one of the biggest interference sources on GPS navigation and positioning, ionospheric scintillation will lead to signal intensity decline and carrier phase fluctuation, making signal acquisition of the GPS receiver challenging. Thus, an acquisition algorithm based on differential coherent integration combining accumulation correlation and bit sign transition estimation is proposed. The coherent accumulation is applied to reduce computational loads and contribution by the Gaussian white noise in the signal. Moreover, the differential coherence integration is utilized to eliminate data blocks with bit transition, prolonging the coherence integration time and improving the data utilization rate. Experimental results show that under severe ionospheric scintillation condition, weak GPS signals can be acquired successfully after improving the acquisition algorithm, with the acquisition probability reaching 50% when the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) drops to −34 dB. Comparing to the differential coherence integration, the complexity of the calculation reduces to only 21.75% effectively after the improvement. The execution time is less than half of the differential coherence integral.