Comparative in vitro studies of antiglycemic potentials and molecular docking of Ageratum conyzoides L. and Phyllanthus amarus L. methanolic extracts

These in vitro studies investigated the comparative antiglycemic properties and molecular docking of the methanolic extracts of dried leaves of Ageratum conyzoides L. and Phyllanthus amarus L. in an attempt to explore natural products that could be useful in preventing secondary complications that could arise from hyperglycaemia. The methanolic crude extracts of dried leaves of A. conyzoides (CEA) and P. amarus (CEP) were partitioned into n-butanol and aqueous extracts and glycation inhibitory potentials were investigated. The result reveals that CEA and CEP exhibited highest glycemic inhibitory potential on the activities of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and sucrase investigated. The molecular docking was done on reported identified compounds in A. conyzoides and P. amarus with α-amylase (1SMD), sucrase-isomaltase (3LPO) and α-glucosidase (3WY1). Methanol crude extracts exhibited the highest inhibitory effect with the lowest IC 50 values of (78.00 ± 1.73, 77.00 ± 1.16), (62.67 ± 1.45, 57.67 ± 0.88) and (89.67 ± 3.48, 95.33 ± 2.60) µg/mL respectively for 1SMD, 3LPO and 3WY1. The molecular docking analysis depicted that phytol had the best docking binding energy for the three enzymes and oxazolone and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid showed best affinity for 1SMD and 3LPO while none for 3WY1. Crude and butanol partitioned extracts of both plants had a significant ( p