Total synthesis of isoneoantimycin

Antimycins are one of the well-known antifungal metabolites produced by Streptomyces bacteria. Neoantimycin and its analogues, the ring-expanded antimycins featuring a 15-membered tetraester ring, have been shown to be effective regulators of the oncogenic proteins GRP78/BiP and K-Ras. Isoneoantimycin was isolated from Streptomyces fradiae IFO12773 (ISP 5063) as a minor metabolite during the fermentation of neoantimycin and is the first reported antibiotic of the antimycin family without the macrolide core. In this study, we explored the total synthesis and stereochemical assignment of isoneoantimycin as an approach to perform structure-activity studies on neoantimycins. Taking the neoantimycin biosynthesis pathway into account, we presumed that the stereochemistry of isoneoantimycin is the same as that of neoantimycin. The synthesis of our target molecule with the (1 S ,2 R ,5 S ,6 S ,14 R ,15 R ,17 S ) configuration has been achieved by using chiral-pool building blocks. A comparison of the spectroscopic data between the synthetic and natural samples verified our presumption of the stereochemistry of natural isoneoantimycin. Isoneoantimycin, a minor metabolite produced during the fermentation of neoantimycin, is the first reported linear antimycin-type antibiotic. Our presumption of the stereochemistry of natural product was verfied with our synthetic isoneoantimycin.