Dyslipidemia And Nephropathy In Diabetes Mellitus: A Review

The prolonged increase of blood glucose give rise to complications of diabetes- premature atherosclerosis (including cardiovascular diseases and stroke), retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. The lipid abnormality (dyslipidemia) associated with type 2 diabetes predominantly consists of elevated triglycerides and decreased HDL cholesterol levels. The incident of dyslipidemia in male is higher in comparison to female type 2 diabetic patients. It was also observed that type 2 diabetic patients with higher BMI has higher chance of developing dyslipidemia Diabetic nephropathy is one of the main microvascular complication of diabetes. In diabetic subjects, a major cause of morbidity and mortality is diabetic nephropathy (DN). Diabetic patients are in risk for the development of dyslipidemia and Diabetic nephropathy. Hyperglycemia causes lipid derangement and nephropathy. Elevated levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoproteins are the main lipid derangements in diabetes which are common risk factor for coronary artery disease. It is found that elevated blood glucose levels and duration of diabetes are responsible for nephropathy and microalbuminuria. However Apo B and Lp(a) increases in the microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria respectively.