Study on the variation of NDVI, SAVI and EVI indices in Punjab State, India

India is a country where the agricultural economy plays a surreal role in the economic, as well as social development of the country. After the independence, various things changed in the field of agricultural development in which the green revolution played an important role in making Indian people self-sufficient in food production especially states like Punjab shows great potential in agricultural activities due to their geographical circumstances. In the last 35 years change in cropping patterns has increased the land area for agriculture causing a rise in water demand for agriculture. The focal objective of the present study is to estimate the variation in the value of NDVI, SAVI and EVI indices in Punjab State, India. The line graphs were plotted to represent the monthly variation in NDVI, EVI, and SAVI indices for all the selected regions and it was observed that in the Gurdaspur region huge variation in the selected indices from 2017 to 2018. ANOVA results indicated that these indices have varied significantly in Amritsar, Ferozepur and Hoshiarpur. and it was also noted that NDVI and SAVI have a positive correlation according to the Pearson correlation table. These results indicate the changing land use and cropping pattern which shows the diminishing and increasing agricultural land.