Electrochemical sensors of cardiovascular drug–plavix on hexagonal Ce3+/NiO nanodisks modified screen-printed electrode

The current work introduces a new nanostructure of Ce 3+ -doped NiO nanodisks fabricated by a facile hydrothermal protocol, whose characteristics were determined using XRD, SEM and EDX techniques. The results confirmed the presence of nanodisk structures, huge surface area and large pore size. Then, the surface of a screen-printed electrode was modified with the as-fabricated nanostructure to achieve a sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor (Ce 3+ -NiO ND/SPE) for determination of Plavix, a cardiovascular drug. Differential pulse voltammetry chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry were utilized to monitor the electrochemical behaviors of drug on the surface of modified electrode. The synergetic impact of Ce-doped NiO nanodisks on the Plavix oxidation was due to increased oxidation peak current and decreased oxidation over-potential. Our novel sensor under the optimized experimental and instrumental circumstances could electrochemically determine the study analyte in the range as wide as 0.01 to 700.0 µM and a limit of detection as narrow as 8.3 nM. The practical capability and sensitivity of the proposed sensor were validated by determining the Plavix in real pharmaceutical preparations, with commendable obtains. Graphical abstract