Studying the Features of Radar Sounding of the Russian Arctic Troposphere

Using the dataset of aerological sounding carried out at five Arctic stations, the profiles of the main characteristics that determine radio refraction of the weather radar sounding beam were calculated and analyzed. These characteristics are the refractive index and its gradient. Seasonal parameters of the exponential model of tropospheric refraction were obtained over Naryan-Mar, Salekhard, Norilsk, Tiksi, and Chokurdakh stations. The frequency of occurrence of various refraction types with account of seasonal variability was investigated. The obtained data can be used for software processing of atmospheric radar sounding data over the Arctic region.