Analysis of heavy metals in herbal products and their impact on human health

Herbal medicinal products have a long history. Indian traditional system of medicine includes Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha medication. Herbal medicinal products have greater acceptance and tolerance by patients and hence most of the western developed and developing countries prefer herbal products rather than allopathic medication. The use of heavy metals for therapeutic effects is mentioned in Rasashastra, a concept of Ayurveda. It should be consumed in very trace amount for normal functioning of body. Mostly, heavy metals are encountered as toxic contaminants in herbal products because of their concentration exceeding the permissible limits. Nowadays, the prevalence of toxic contaminants and heavy metals have been increased because of anthropogenic activities. Heavy metal estimation is necessary as because it can affect the human health as well as the stability, effectiveness and lifespan of product. In present study, ten samples of herbal products, mainly “churnas” were used for estimation of heavy metals. Qualitative analysis was performed by colour test and later for quantitative analysis, flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS) was used. The obtained value was compared with permissible limits mentioned in Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia and WHO. This study was performed to clear the misconceptions regarding herbal products. A general awareness is necessary to avoid the adverse effects of such toxic contaminants.