Comparison of Hydrothermal Structure of Two Glaciers in Spitsbergen and Tian Shan Based on Radio-Echo Sounding Data

This article considers the features of the thickness distribution of cold and temperate ice and water in polythermal glaciers on Spitsbergen (Nordenskiöld Land) and Tian Shan (Zailiiskii Alatau) according to the data of ground-based radar measurements at a frequency of 20 MHz, which were performed, respectively, in spring 2010 and 2019, and in summer 2013. According to the delay time and intensity of reflections from the cold-temperate ice interface from the temperate ice layer and from the bed, the thickness and volume of cold and temperate ice are determined, the water content in temperate ice is estimated, and the relationship of these characteristics with the structural features and regime of the glaciers in spring and summer before and after the beginning of melting is shown.