In vitro antiproliferative activity of Parrotia persica exclusive gallotannin

The aim of this study was to identify the cytotoxic compounds of Parrotia persica plant leaf extracts. Based on the antiproliferative activity of ethanolic extract of Parrotia persica against KB, Hela, G292, U87-MG, A431, and MCF-7 cancer and HGF-1 normal cells in comparison with Catharanthus roseus control methanolic extract, it was selected to further analysis for identification of its active compounds using bioassay-guided fractionation by preparative HPLC. The structure of the purified compound was identified on the basis of extensive LC-ESI-IT MS and 2D NMR data. The effective cytotoxic molecule of Parrotia persica was identified as gallotannin (3/5-O-digalloyl-1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-D-glucopyranose) that exerted stronger apoptotic effects on cancer cells than doxorubicin standard drug, while not significantly affecting normal cells. According to the results of gene expression, gallotannin has increased NFKB1 , NFKB2 , HDAC1 , HDAC2 , SIRT1 , REL-B , and C-REL and decreased REL-A and MYC genes expression in the pathway of apoptosis in cancer cells.