Investigation on the effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness in a turning operation of a copper bar

Surface roughness is the most significant surface quality measure during the turning process. It is often induced by several machining parameters, such as spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. The Taguchi level 9 orthogonal array was incorporated to pick the best combinations of parameters for the turning operation. The surface roughness was measured using the mechanical stylus method with the Marsurf GD 25 software. The condition to obtain the lowest surface roughness in dry and flood turning were found to be similar, i.e., at 750rpm, 0.104mm/rev, and 0.635mm of spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut, respectively. The signal-to-noise ratio and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were employed to investigate the turning characteristics of Copper C22000. The percentage of contribution was calculated using ANOVA, and the highest percentage contribution in dry turning was from feed rate with 68.37%, followed by the depth of cut (22.85%) and spindle speed (5.556%). Similarly, the percentage contribution of feed rate was the highest in flood turning by 73.42%, the depth of cut 19.21%, and spindle speed value of 5.758%.