Can soil piping impact environment and society? Identifying new research gaps

Soil piping is a widespread, although often overlooked land degradation process. So far, subsurface soil erosion studies have been focused on the importance of soil piping in hydrological and geomorphological processes, and factors controlling piping processes. Nowadays, the environmental changes being caused by the Anthropocene have clearly demonstrated that society depends on soil more than ever before, so the traditional studies of soil erosion processes need to be redefined. In that sense, geomorphologists face to overcome new piping‐related problems. In this article we identify new possible areas of research: (i) soil pipes and pipe collapses (PCs) as natural hazards, (ii) role of soil piping in carbon cycle, (iii) soil pipes and PCs and their relationships with biodiversity, and (iv) piping‐affected areas as geodiversity sites. Only better recognition of natural hazards driven by soil piping, such as land subsidence and degradation, landslides, flooding and off‐site sediment effects may result in better prevention and control measures in piping‐affected areas. Moreover, in the context of Global Change the role of soil piping in carbon cycle should be raised. Land‐use and land‐cover changes, as well as climate change may affect piping dynamics in different morphoclimatic regions and soil loss due to piping may lead to carbon loss. Soil pipes and PCs are closely interlinked with biodiversity, both positively and negatively. Piping erosion may directly and indirectly destroy vegetation and animals, although in some cases piping erosion may create new habitats and provide favourable conditions for some species. However, soil piping is not only an environmental and societal problem, but it may also contribute to the world geodiversity, which is clearly observed in badland sites. Piping erosion may have a significant impact on environment and society, thus further research with new questions is essential to provide knowledge for sustainable development. 1. Soil piping studies needs to be connected with the environmental and societal challenges being caused by the Anthropocene.2. Soil pipes and pipe collapses may cause natural hazards (land subsidence and degradation, landslides, flooding and off‐site sediment effects).3. More focus should be paid on the role of subsurface erosion in the carbon cycle.4. This process may interact both positively and negatively with biodiversity, as well as it contributes to the geodiversity.