Physicochemical properties of natural photoprotective lip balm with illipe butter as raw material

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light on human skin can cause dangerous side effects such as sunburn and skin cancer. Anatomical differences between the skin of the lips and other parts of the body make the surface of the lips more susceptible to the effects of UV exposure. Currently, the UV light filter used in lip balm formulations is TiO2. This compound is a dangerous compound that risks causing cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and photo carcinogenicity. This study aims to obtain the optimum formulation of photoprotective lip balm using illipe butter and lignin as raw materials. Illipe butter is commonly known as Cocoa Butter Substitute (CBS). This butter contains fatty acids, phytosterols, triglycerides, and melting points close to body temperature, between 28 and 30.9 °C. Considering the characteristics and melting point of Illipe Butter, the author assessed its potential as a primary ingredient for photoprotective lip balm cosmetics. In this study, the independent variable observed is that the composition varies between fat, wax, and oil used in lip balm formulation. Sample 3 has the highest SPF value, 16.89, since it contains the highest concentration of VCO.