Broadband Dynamic Rupture Modeling With Fractal Fault Roughness, Frictional Heterogeneity, Viscoelasticity and Topography: The 2016 Mw 6.2 Amatrice, Italy Earthquake
Advances in physics‐based earthquake simulations, utilizing high‐performance computing, have been exploited to better understand the generation and characteristics of the high‐frequency seismic wavefield. However, direct comparison to ground motion observations of a specific earthquake is challengin...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Geophysical research letters 2022-11, Vol.49 (22), p.n/a |
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| creator | Taufiqurrahman, T. Gabriel, A.‐A. Ulrich, T. Valentová, L. Gallovič, F. |
| description | Advances in physics‐based earthquake simulations, utilizing high‐performance computing, have been exploited to better understand the generation and characteristics of the high‐frequency seismic wavefield. However, direct comparison to ground motion observations of a specific earthquake is challenging. We here propose a new approach to simulate data‐fused broadband ground motion synthetics using 3D dynamic rupture modeling of the 2016 Mw 6.2 Amatrice, Italy earthquake. We augment a smooth, best‐fitting model from Bayesian dynamic rupture source inversion of strong‐motion data ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1029/2022GL098872 |
| format | Article |
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Plain Language Summary
Models of earthquakes are used to better understand the origin and features of strong seismic shaking using supercomputers. But the connection of such computer simulations with actual measurements is complex. This study suggests a new way to use observations, computer models, and physics to model details of the damaging ground shaking recorded during the 2016 Amatrice, Italy, earthquake. We start from an earlier, relatively low‐resolution earthquake model that matches seismograms at low frequencies (<0.5–1 Hz), derived using many Monte Carlo simulations. We carefully enhance this earthquake model by adding roughness to the slipping fault, smaller‐scale variations of the frictional resistance of this fault to earthquake slip, mountains and basins scattering the seismic waves, and the effects of anelastic damping of wave amplitudes while they propagate. We show that we now also match the seismic waves at frequencies up to 5 Hz, while not losing the good match at long periods. This result is important to better understand how hazardous earthquakes in specific regions may be. Our modeling indicates which ingredients are required in computer simulations to generate realistic ground motions for physics‐based seismic hazard assessment.
Key Points
We propose a novel approach to design data‐driven, 3D physics‐based broadband dynamic rupture scenarios from low‐resolution models
Our synthetics fit observations in terms of velocity and accelerations waveforms, as well as Fourier‐amplitude‐spectra up to ∼5 Hz
Analyzing the role of earthquake modeling ingredients highlights the importance of dynamic source heterogeneity for broadband ground‐motion</description><identifier>ISSN: 0094-8276</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-8007</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1029/2022GL098872</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Anelasticity ; Bayesian analysis ; Broadband ; Computer models ; Computers ; Damping ; Earthquake damage ; Earthquake dampers ; Earthquake resistance ; Earthquakes ; Fault lines ; Fractal models ; Fractals ; Friction resistance ; Geological hazards ; Ground motion ; Hazard assessment ; Heterogeneity ; Mathematical models ; Modelling ; Monte Carlo simulation ; Mountains ; Movement ; P-waves ; Physics ; Probability theory ; Roughness ; Rupture ; Seismic activity ; Seismic hazard ; Seismic waves ; Seismograms ; Shaking ; Simulation ; Statistical methods ; Supercomputers ; Three dimensional models ; Three dimensional motion ; Topography ; Viscoelasticity ; Wave damping ; Waveforms</subject><ispartof>Geophysical research letters, 2022-11, Vol.49 (22), p.n/a</ispartof><rights>2022. The Authors.</rights><rights>2022. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><orcidid>0000-0002-4164-8933 ; 0000-0002-9268-3923 ; 0000-0003-0112-8412 ; 0000-0002-9574-1105 ; 0000-0001-8450-3470</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029%2F2022GL098872$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029%2F2022GL098872$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,1427,11493,27901,27902,45550,45551,46384,46443,46808,46867</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Taufiqurrahman, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gabriel, A.‐A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ulrich, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Valentová, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gallovič, F.</creatorcontrib><title>Broadband Dynamic Rupture Modeling With Fractal Fault Roughness, Frictional Heterogeneity, Viscoelasticity and Topography: The 2016 Mw 6.2 Amatrice, Italy Earthquake</title><title>Geophysical research letters</title><description>Advances in physics‐based earthquake simulations, utilizing high‐performance computing, have been exploited to better understand the generation and characteristics of the high‐frequency seismic wavefield. However, direct comparison to ground motion observations of a specific earthquake is challenging. We here propose a new approach to simulate data‐fused broadband ground motion synthetics using 3D dynamic rupture modeling of the 2016 Mw 6.2 Amatrice, Italy earthquake. We augment a smooth, best‐fitting model from Bayesian dynamic rupture source inversion of strong‐motion data (<1 Hz) with fractal fault roughness, frictional heterogeneities, viscoelastic attenuation, and topography. The required consistency to match long periods allows us to quantify the role of small‐scale dynamic source heterogeneities, such as the 3D roughness drag, from observational broadband seismic waveforms. We demonstrate that 3D data‐constrained fully dynamic rupture synthetics show good agreement with various observed ground‐motion metrics up to ∼5 Hz and are an important avenue toward non‐ergodic, physics‐based seismic hazard assessment.
Plain Language Summary
Models of earthquakes are used to better understand the origin and features of strong seismic shaking using supercomputers. But the connection of such computer simulations with actual measurements is complex. This study suggests a new way to use observations, computer models, and physics to model details of the damaging ground shaking recorded during the 2016 Amatrice, Italy, earthquake. We start from an earlier, relatively low‐resolution earthquake model that matches seismograms at low frequencies (<0.5–1 Hz), derived using many Monte Carlo simulations. We carefully enhance this earthquake model by adding roughness to the slipping fault, smaller‐scale variations of the frictional resistance of this fault to earthquake slip, mountains and basins scattering the seismic waves, and the effects of anelastic damping of wave amplitudes while they propagate. We show that we now also match the seismic waves at frequencies up to 5 Hz, while not losing the good match at long periods. This result is important to better understand how hazardous earthquakes in specific regions may be. Our modeling indicates which ingredients are required in computer simulations to generate realistic ground motions for physics‐based seismic hazard assessment.
Key Points
We propose a novel approach to design data‐driven, 3D physics‐based broadband dynamic rupture scenarios from low‐resolution models
Our synthetics fit observations in terms of velocity and accelerations waveforms, as well as Fourier‐amplitude‐spectra up to ∼5 Hz
Analyzing the role of earthquake modeling ingredients highlights the importance of dynamic source heterogeneity for broadband ground‐motion</description><subject>Anelasticity</subject><subject>Bayesian analysis</subject><subject>Broadband</subject><subject>Computer models</subject><subject>Computers</subject><subject>Damping</subject><subject>Earthquake damage</subject><subject>Earthquake dampers</subject><subject>Earthquake resistance</subject><subject>Earthquakes</subject><subject>Fault lines</subject><subject>Fractal models</subject><subject>Fractals</subject><subject>Friction resistance</subject><subject>Geological hazards</subject><subject>Ground motion</subject><subject>Hazard assessment</subject><subject>Heterogeneity</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Modelling</subject><subject>Monte Carlo simulation</subject><subject>Mountains</subject><subject>Movement</subject><subject>P-waves</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Probability theory</subject><subject>Roughness</subject><subject>Rupture</subject><subject>Seismic activity</subject><subject>Seismic hazard</subject><subject>Seismic waves</subject><subject>Seismograms</subject><subject>Shaking</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Supercomputers</subject><subject>Three dimensional models</subject><subject>Three dimensional motion</subject><subject>Topography</subject><subject>Viscoelasticity</subject><subject>Wave damping</subject><subject>Waveforms</subject><issn>0094-8276</issn><issn>1944-8007</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><recordid>eNpNUcFO3DAUtBCVWCi3foClXnfps2MnMTeg7IK0qNJqS4_RW-ftxjQbB9sRygf1PxtEDz3N08xoRk_D2BcBVwKk-SZBytUaTFkW8oTNhFFqUQIUp2wGYKZbFvkZO4_xBQAyyMSM_bkNHusddjX_PnZ4dJZvhj4NgfiTr6l13YH_cqnhy4A2YcuXOLSJb_xwaDqKcT4Jzibnu0l7oETBH6gjl8Y5f3bRemoxJmcngr-XbH3vDwH7Zrzm24a4BJHzpzeeX0l-c8Q0hdGcP05NI7_HkJrXAX_TZ_Zpj22ky394wX4u77d3D4v1j9Xj3c160ctclQslaqMQjARNe5D7ulAy00IqXaI1pLRCu8t2Wu2zXBe1MqitsDovSpJmhyK7YF8_cvvgXweKqXrxQ5hei5UsFGhdGq0ml_xwvbmWxqoP7ohhrARU7ytU_69QrTbrXIuszP4CyRF72A</recordid><startdate>20221128</startdate><enddate>20221128</enddate><creator>Taufiqurrahman, T.</creator><creator>Gabriel, A.‐A.</creator><creator>Ulrich, T.</creator><creator>Valentová, L.</creator><creator>Gallovič, F.</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4164-8933</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9268-3923</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0112-8412</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9574-1105</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8450-3470</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20221128</creationdate><title>Broadband Dynamic Rupture Modeling With Fractal Fault Roughness, Frictional Heterogeneity, Viscoelasticity and Topography: The 2016 Mw 6.2 Amatrice, Italy Earthquake</title><author>Taufiqurrahman, T. ; Gabriel, A.‐A. ; Ulrich, T. ; Valentová, L. ; Gallovič, F.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-p2648-41d94a09205ef02fd7423512458ac9e454acb3b54f3657d49a5c1c5678e29ba13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Anelasticity</topic><topic>Bayesian analysis</topic><topic>Broadband</topic><topic>Computer models</topic><topic>Computers</topic><topic>Damping</topic><topic>Earthquake damage</topic><topic>Earthquake dampers</topic><topic>Earthquake resistance</topic><topic>Earthquakes</topic><topic>Fault lines</topic><topic>Fractal models</topic><topic>Fractals</topic><topic>Friction resistance</topic><topic>Geological hazards</topic><topic>Ground motion</topic><topic>Hazard assessment</topic><topic>Heterogeneity</topic><topic>Mathematical models</topic><topic>Modelling</topic><topic>Monte Carlo simulation</topic><topic>Mountains</topic><topic>Movement</topic><topic>P-waves</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>Probability theory</topic><topic>Roughness</topic><topic>Rupture</topic><topic>Seismic activity</topic><topic>Seismic hazard</topic><topic>Seismic waves</topic><topic>Seismograms</topic><topic>Shaking</topic><topic>Simulation</topic><topic>Statistical methods</topic><topic>Supercomputers</topic><topic>Three dimensional models</topic><topic>Three dimensional motion</topic><topic>Topography</topic><topic>Viscoelasticity</topic><topic>Wave damping</topic><topic>Waveforms</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Taufiqurrahman, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gabriel, A.‐A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ulrich, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Valentová, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gallovič, F.</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library Open Access</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Taufiqurrahman, T.</au><au>Gabriel, A.‐A.</au><au>Ulrich, T.</au><au>Valentová, L.</au><au>Gallovič, F.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Broadband Dynamic Rupture Modeling With Fractal Fault Roughness, Frictional Heterogeneity, Viscoelasticity and Topography: The 2016 Mw 6.2 Amatrice, Italy Earthquake</atitle><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle><date>2022-11-28</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>49</volume><issue>22</issue><epage>n/a</epage><issn>0094-8276</issn><eissn>1944-8007</eissn><abstract>Advances in physics‐based earthquake simulations, utilizing high‐performance computing, have been exploited to better understand the generation and characteristics of the high‐frequency seismic wavefield. However, direct comparison to ground motion observations of a specific earthquake is challenging. We here propose a new approach to simulate data‐fused broadband ground motion synthetics using 3D dynamic rupture modeling of the 2016 Mw 6.2 Amatrice, Italy earthquake. We augment a smooth, best‐fitting model from Bayesian dynamic rupture source inversion of strong‐motion data (<1 Hz) with fractal fault roughness, frictional heterogeneities, viscoelastic attenuation, and topography. The required consistency to match long periods allows us to quantify the role of small‐scale dynamic source heterogeneities, such as the 3D roughness drag, from observational broadband seismic waveforms. We demonstrate that 3D data‐constrained fully dynamic rupture synthetics show good agreement with various observed ground‐motion metrics up to ∼5 Hz and are an important avenue toward non‐ergodic, physics‐based seismic hazard assessment.
Plain Language Summary
Models of earthquakes are used to better understand the origin and features of strong seismic shaking using supercomputers. But the connection of such computer simulations with actual measurements is complex. This study suggests a new way to use observations, computer models, and physics to model details of the damaging ground shaking recorded during the 2016 Amatrice, Italy, earthquake. We start from an earlier, relatively low‐resolution earthquake model that matches seismograms at low frequencies (<0.5–1 Hz), derived using many Monte Carlo simulations. We carefully enhance this earthquake model by adding roughness to the slipping fault, smaller‐scale variations of the frictional resistance of this fault to earthquake slip, mountains and basins scattering the seismic waves, and the effects of anelastic damping of wave amplitudes while they propagate. We show that we now also match the seismic waves at frequencies up to 5 Hz, while not losing the good match at long periods. This result is important to better understand how hazardous earthquakes in specific regions may be. Our modeling indicates which ingredients are required in computer simulations to generate realistic ground motions for physics‐based seismic hazard assessment.
Key Points
We propose a novel approach to design data‐driven, 3D physics‐based broadband dynamic rupture scenarios from low‐resolution models
Our synthetics fit observations in terms of velocity and accelerations waveforms, as well as Fourier‐amplitude‐spectra up to ∼5 Hz
Analyzing the role of earthquake modeling ingredients highlights the importance of dynamic source heterogeneity for broadband ground‐motion</abstract><cop>Washington</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><doi>10.1029/2022GL098872</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4164-8933</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9268-3923</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0112-8412</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9574-1105</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8450-3470</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Anelasticity Bayesian analysis Broadband Computer models Computers Damping Earthquake damage Earthquake dampers Earthquake resistance Earthquakes Fault lines Fractal models Fractals Friction resistance Geological hazards Ground motion Hazard assessment Heterogeneity Mathematical models Modelling Monte Carlo simulation Mountains Movement P-waves Physics Probability theory Roughness Rupture Seismic activity Seismic hazard Seismic waves Seismograms Shaking Simulation Statistical methods Supercomputers Three dimensional models Three dimensional motion Topography Viscoelasticity Wave damping Waveforms |
| title | Broadband Dynamic Rupture Modeling With Fractal Fault Roughness, Frictional Heterogeneity, Viscoelasticity and Topography: The 2016 Mw 6.2 Amatrice, Italy Earthquake |
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