The effect of sucrose and combination of plant growth regulatory for the growth of meristem explants of garlic (Allium sativum) lumbu hijau variety in vitro

Garlic, the Amarydaceae family, has a lot of benefits, while the production is unable to fulfil the demand due to conventional cultivation. Conventional cultivation increases the probability of virus transfer, which decrease the seed quality, even, damage the seeds. Tissue culture is one of the biotechnology devices to deal with the problem and provides a large number of seeds in a short time and is resistant to viruses. The research aimed to get the optimal composition of sucrose and the combination of BAP + GA3 for the growth of garlic meristem explants in vitro. This research was conducted from January to June 2020 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati. The planting material used bulb meristem of garlic lumbu hijau variety from Sentra Tani, Sukorejo, Kendal Regency, Central Java. The research was designed using the descriptive method with sucrose (30 g, 60 g, 90 g, 120 g) and a combination of BAP (2 ppm, 4 ppm, 6 ppm) and GA3 (0.5 ppm, 1.0 ppm, 1.5 ppm). The result indicated that there was an effect between sucrose 90 g and the combination BAP 2 ppm + GA3 0.5 ppm in producing the highest explant length for 5.5 cm.