A novel method to prepare antibacterial ZnO nanoflowers

The work presents an innovative methodology for the fabrication of zinc oxide (ZnO) nano-flowers by utilizing a chemical method and an organic agent Dimethylformamide (DMF). The XRD results confirm high crystallinity and the presence of all the ZnO diffraction peaks, and 98% agreement with the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD) of XRD data. The results of the scanning electron microscope (FESEM) indicate the presence of nanostructures of flowers with nano-branches that are organized in size and shape. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) results in a match with the XRD results and did not show the presence of any impurities in the sample crystallization. Optical measurements confirm the ZnO has an optical energy gap of 3.37 eV with notable absorbance in the visible and ultraviolet regions. The results of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, and Streptococcus bacteria confirm that the ZnO nanoflowers have high inhibition zones in all bacteria due to its the unique surface characteristics.