Studies on lead-free multiferroic magnetoelectric composites

Using the sol-gel approach, lead-free ME particulate composites (1x)BNT x CZFMO (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) are generated without any impurity phase. The coexistence of both phases is confirmed by XRD analysis. In this composite series, αE was found to be highly influenced by CZFMO content. With x=0.2 particle composite, a maximum value of αE 58 mV/cmOe was found. The presence of P-E loops and a well-saturated M-H loop in the ME composite samples indicates that ferroelectric and magnetic characteristics are well maintained. At 220oC and 320oC, temperature-dependent dielectric behaviour reveals two anomalies, corresponding to phase transitions from ferroelectric to antiferroelectric and antiferro-electric to para-electric, respectively. The current research uncovers a new environmental-friendly ME particulate composite for future applications.