Possibilities of using Chlorella microalgae to assess the hygienic safety of drinking water sources

The article provides a review of literature data on the use of different types of Chlorella microalgae for the toxicological assessment of the presence of heavy metals and organic compounds in drinking water sources. Microalgae of the genus Chlorella, such as Chlorella vulgaris Beijer, Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Chlorella fusca are used to assess the toxicological characteristics of surface water sources contaminated with heavy metals and organic compounds. Different microalgae strains show different sensitivity to toxicants: chlorella vulgaris Beijer and chlorella pyrenoidosa are effective against heavy metals, surfactants, drugs, chlorella fusca - against rare-earth elements, heterocyclic compounds. At the same time, the presence of several heavy metals in the water can reduce the accuracy of determining the toxic effect caused by one of them. A scheme of processes accompanying the natural cycle of manganese in freshwater reservoirs has been developed. This scheme allows to determine the role of anthropogenic, geological and atmospheric factors in the contamination of reservoirs with manganese compounds. We have created a computer program "Chlorella 1.1.", which allows to automatically determine the toxicological characteristics of water sources based on the measurement data of the optical density of the chlorella suspension. It allows to determine the deviation of the test reaction from the control, evaluate the toxic multiplicity of dilution, and also calculate the value of the effective EK50 concentration based on data on the determination of dilution values, chlorella growth deviation coefficients, concentrations of toxicants for the toxicity index.