Karyomorphological Analysis of Eight Allium L. (Amaryllidaceae) Species from Turkey

The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of eight species of the genus Allium distributed in Turkey were analyzed. These taxa are A. armerioides Boiss., A. orientale Boiss., A. stamineum Boiss., A. tuncelianum (Kollmann) Özhatay, B.Mathew & Şiraneci, A. subakaka Razyfard & Zarre, A. muratozelii Armağan, A. dumanii Koyuncu & Koçyiğit and A. colchicifolium Boiss. Four of them (A. armerioides, A. tuncelianum, A. muratozelii and A. dumanii) are endemic in Turkey. The chromosome numbers of all studied taxa were determined as 2n=2x=16, while A. dumanii had the chromosome number 2n=2x=16+2B. A basic number of x=8 was confirmed for all investigated species. Haploid chromosome lengths varied from 91.48 µm (A. armerioides) to 176.16 µm (A. colchicifolium) among species. Karyotype analysis indicated that Allium taxa generally are symmetrical, consisting of metacentric and submetacentric chromosome pairs. Only A. stamineum has subtelocentric chromosomes. Satellites were observed in three species; A. tuncelianum, A. subakaka, and A. armerioides. The karyotypes of A. muratozelii and A. armerioides were determined for the first time in this study.