Pancreatic Hormones, the Composition of Saturated Fatty Acids, and Their Relationship with Glucose Levels, Depending on the Body Mass Index in Residents of the Arctic

The content of pancreatic hormones, the composition of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and their relationship with glucose (Glu) levels depending on the body mass index (BMI) were studied in the aboriginal (A) and local Caucasian (LC) populations of the Arctic. Differences in the range of SFAs in the LC population with a BMI of 18.4 < BMI < 25 kg/m 2 were revealed, which are manifested in a significant high content of medium-and long-chain SFAs, Caro, and proinsulin/insulin values, and a low level of short-chain SFAs, insulin (Ins), and HOMA values ( p < 0.001), which indicates higher hyperglycemic states compared to A. No significant changes were found in the content of the C-peptide in A, and in LC its content significantly increased with an increase in BMI. The study of these indicators in individuals with a BMI > 25 kg/m 2 of different ethnic backgrounds showed a similar picture, but with a greater degree of severity.