Crescent shaped slot loaded antenna sensor with tri-band notched for cancer detection

In this work, a unique tri-band notch and multiband UWB antenna sensor has been designed for microwave sensing system to find out the cancerous tissues. The crescent shaped slot loaded antenna has been designed to avoid interferences between the antennas in UWB ranges. Using notches, the antenna sensitivity increases for detection. The proposed method has been verified through simulation and validated using measurements. S11 plot of the proposed antenna shows three notches at 3 GHz, 4.75 GHz and 7.25 GHz. It also shows four bands and omnidirectional radiation pattern over the UWB frequency range. Ground plane has been chosen to be hexagonal to achieve fourth band. I-shaped and U-shaped parasitics improve the antenna performance in third band. Crescent shaped and C-shaped slots improve the performance of first and second band of the antenna respectively. Additionally, phantom without tumors and with single and multiple tumors are fabricated. S-parameter analysis is a better approach to detect the cancerous tissues in the breast. Concept of principal component analysis of statistical machine learning has also been used to distinguish S-parameter of normal breast phantom from malignant breast phantom.