Highly Porous Materials as Potential Components of Natural Gas Storage Systems: Part 1 (A Review)

This review provides an analysis of recent research data on the development of adsorbents for high-performance adsorbed natural gas storage systems. This is Part 1 of the review and describes the requirements for potential methane adsorbents. Carbon materials are shown to possess a variety of properties suitable for natural gas storage applications. The paper discusses various works focused on the generation and improvement of the adsorption properties of highly porous carbon materials, including activated carbons, carbon fibers, nanoporous spheres, and graphene-based composites. This discussion is strongly focused on methods employed to enhance the methane adsorption capacity of carbon adsorbents, particularly by developing their porous structure, functionalizing, increasing their density, and creating composites based on these adsorbents.