Physicochemical and Electrophysical Properties of a Composite Material Based on Carbon Nanofiber Produced from Coal Tar and Nanoiron

Experiments on the production of a nanocomposite material from coal tar obtained from coal of the Shubarkol deposit and nanoiron by electrospinning on a laboratory setup are presented. The elemental composition was determined, and the surface morphology of the test sample was studied. As a result of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and SEM microscopy, the elemental composition (C, 92.14%; O, 6.16%; Al, 0.30%; Si, 0.26%; Р, 0.07%; S, 0.20%; Cl, 0.40%; and Fe, 0.47%) and the diameter of the carbon nanofiber, which ranged from 94.2 to 800.0 nm, were determined. The results of IR spectroscopy showed an increase in the intensity of peaks in a range of 2920–2850 cm –1 and the appearance of a signal at 2359 cm –1 , which was explained by the breaking of several chemical bonds in the sample structure and the formation of a composite with nanoiron. The electrical resistance ( R ), electrical capacitance ( C ), and permittivity (ε) of a carbonized sample were determined for the first time in a temperature range of 293–483 K.