Multi-response Optimization of Turning Parameters for Cryogenically Treated and Tempered WC–Co Inserts

The cryo-treatment has already emerged as the sustainable manufacturing process of the future generation. It is an effective process to improve the tool life in different manufacturing processes such as turning, drilling, and milling. Thus, optimal process parameters must be determined in dry turning to attain the economic machining along with tool wear reduction and a better surface finish of the machined workpiece. The present investigation aims to optimize the machining input parameters with multi-responses in dry turning of low carbon En8 steel with deep cryo-treated (DCT) tungsten carbide cobalt bonded insert (WC–Co) by using hybrid type multi-criteria decision-making methods such as Taguchi’s based Grey Relational Analysis and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution. The optimized machining conditions are suitably validated and compared in this study. Additionally, microhardness and microstructure of the DCT tools are examined. The results revealed that the DCT tool enhances the machining performances due to fine eta ( η ) carbides distribution and densification of Co binder after the treatment which confirms through scanning electron microscopic image.